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2017-11-10 19:57:45 发表 |
圣良（今日纪念的圣人）教宗对神职班的人选非常重视，根据耶路撒冷宗主教业莫斯的记载，圣良曾在圣伯多禄陵墓作四十天的祈祷，请宗徒之长代为求上主赦免他的罪过。四十天后，圣伯多禄显现给他，说道：「你的罪赦免了，只有一样罪，还没有赦，那就是你授予圣职时所犯的疏忽，误选不适当的人担任职务。这些罪天主仍要向你追究。」圣良特在圣教法典增订条文，规定领受司铎神品的人员必须经过严格的考验，证明确能服从纪律。
现在的教宗呢？批准走独立自主自办教会邪路的异端爱国会主教！
任命赞成女人晋铎，神父结婚，离婚再婚者领圣体的人为主教！ |
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2017-11-10 16:26:01 发表 |
帕罗林打赢了梵蒂冈内战
How Cardinal Parolin won the Vatican civil war
The cardinal has overcome the challenges to his power. How much further can he go?
When Cardinal Pietro Parolin was appointed Vatican secretary of state in October 2013, there were rumours that the oldest dicastery in the Roman Curia was about to have its wings clipped. Insiders said that Pope Francis was considering creating a new department to deal with the interior running of the Curia, reducing the secretariat of state’s role to the diplomatic functions of the Holy See alone.
But in an early sign of his political nous, Cardinal Parolin ensured that this did not happen. Not only that, he also made certain that his department’s grip on all the others was actually tightened.
Another indication that Parolin would re-assert the central role of the secretariat of state was his appointment to the Council of Cardinal Advisers. This new body was created only a month after Francis’s election to allow the Pope to receive advice from outside the curial circle. Many thought that the secretariat of state had monopolised access to successive popes.
It was therefore significant that it was not represented in the new council. But in July 2014, after less than a year, the “C8” became the “C9”, with Parolin added to their number. The new secretary of state, made a cardinal that February, was not about to let himself be marginalised.
Three years later, the secretariat of state has not only maintained its overarching grip on the other dicasteries; it has also seemingly increased its dominance still further. Parolin, the archetypal curial insider, seems more and more to be setting the agenda in Rome.
Who is Parolin? He is the son of a shop manager and a teacher from near Vicenza. He was ordained in 1980 and swiftly chosen to train as a papal diplomat. After postings in Nigeria and Mexico, where he helped to oversee the legal recognition of the Catholic Church, he returned to Rome. He rose to become Undersecretary of State for Relations with States in 2002. In 2009, Benedict XVI appointed him nuncio to Venezuela, then under the messianic rule of Hugo Chávez. Parolin impressed observers with his deft handling of the erratic strongman.
When Pope Francis handed him the top curial job four years later, many saw it as a return to the status quo. Under Benedict, Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone, previously a trusted collaborator at the Congregation for Doctrine for the Faith, had held the post of secretary of state. The impression of incompetence surrounding Bertone’s tenure was perhaps fuelled in part by the resentment of the old guard against this non-diplomat parvenu. Parolin, who enjoyed a reputation for both skilful diplomacy and tactful management of staff, seemed a natural choice to steady the boat.
Parolin quickly began to display another talent: that of routing rivals. Another member of the cardinals’ council was the combative Australian Cardinal George Pell. At one point he looked likely to be a forceful agent of reform, the more so since Francis gave him a remit to oversee the finances of every Vatican department, giving his Secretariat for the Economy unprecedented powers and making him a potential rival to Parolin. But as an outsider, Pell quickly aroused resentment both by his blunt manner and his unrelenting scrutiny.
The resentment undoubtedly helped Parolin to outmanoeuvre the Australian. In a series of power struggles, at first over details, Parolin gained the upper hand. Then, in April 2016, it was announced that an outside audit of the whole Vatican financial set-up was to be indefinitely suspended. This was probably the turning point, even before unforeseen events made Parolin’s victory complete. In July this year Pell returned to Australia seeking to clear his name after allegations of historical abuse, effectively removing himself from the Roman scene.
As head of Vatican diplomacy, Parolin has notched up several successes, to the point where his ascendancy seems all but accomplished. It was apparently his diplomatic skill which brought him to Francis’s attention in the first place. In addition to his central role in normalising Mexico’s relations with the Holy See, he worked from Rome to improve relations with the communist governments of Vietnam and China.
His appointment as nuncio to Venezuela was, according to some reports, the result of Bertone’s disfavour, possibly because Parolin was judged too accommodating towards hostile regimes. But his balancing act in Caracas between Chávez and the country’s bishops – who certainly seem to have thought him too favourable to the flamboyant populist they regarded as a tyrant – was closer to the policy favoured by the then Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio.
Now at Francis’s side on many major foreign trips and acting as his representative on others, Parolin has continued to chalk up achievements. He contributed markedly to the establishment of relations between Cuba and the United States. This formed part of the background to Francis’s historic meeting with the Russian Orthodox Patriarch in Havana last year. Parolin built on that success with a highly publicised visit to both Patriarch Kirill and Putin in August.
Parolin’s ascension to the heights of power in the Church has been impressive, but there are suggestions that he might not have peaked yet. Such notable observers as Sandro Magister and John Allen have proposed that he is in a position to be the next pope. Such speculation is, of course, to be viewed with caution: conclaves are notoriously unpredictable, and Francis shows no sign of flagging. Nevertheless, the fact that the 62-year-old is being talked about as papabile is itself significant.
Four years ago, nobody would have entertained the idea that a curial diplomat, and an Italian one at that, might become pope in an internationalised Church conscious of past institutional failures. What has changed in the meantime?
Polarisation in the Church, already apparent under the pontificates of John Paul II and Benedict XVI, has not ceased under Pope Francis. Many believe that a diplomat might be ideally suited to healing divisions – the more so since it would probably be difficult for a candidate with a strong theological orientation to gain the adherence of two thirds of the electors. Parolin has not taken up firm positions on the issues which divide Catholics so publicly today, contenting himself with calls for dialogue.
Others, however, think that what is needed above all is a coherent vision. And some think Parolin bland and uninspiring. The case of China, the one area where Parolin has not so far gained great success, is perhaps telling. Talks seem to have stalled over the summer, with the Chinese government hardening its position in the face of Vatican readiness to compromise over the role of the state in naming bishops. Some have claimed that Parolin’s cautious approach concedes too much to the enemies of the Church and betrays a lack of conviction. Cardinal Joseph Zen, that seasoned old warrior who insists that truth must come before expedience, is scathing. He has accused Parolin of putting diplomacy before faith.
Is he right, or is the dialogue which Parolin has always advocated, both within the Church and in its relations with the outside world, the key to success? Both positions have strong advocates, and nobody knows which way a future conclave might lean. Few doubt, however, that this consummate representative of institutional stability and prudent management will play an important role in the deliberations of the cardinal electors.
This article first appeared in the November 10 2017 issue of the Catholic Herald.
是天主胜利还是魔鬼最后灭亡前的胜利？ |
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2017-11-07 15:25:28 发表 |
| 如果世界上还有一个人在意你的难受，就是天主爱你的标志，就表示天主没有忘记你。 |
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2017-11-07 13:28:25 发表 |
本笃十六世讲解何为炼狱 | 第6期：活人能否帮助炼灵？（完结）
2017-11-07 天主教中文网
翻译者:漠道
1977年，神学家若瑟·拉辛各，即后来的本笃十六世教宗的末世论专著《死亡与永生》问世，在神学界引起极大反响。炼灵月到了，让我们一起听荣休教宗本笃十六世讲解“何为炼狱”。
Sancta Dei Genitrix
Music From The Vatican - Alma Mater Featuring the Voice of Pope Benedict XVI
第6期：活人能否帮助炼灵？
炼灵受主之爱火的净化似乎是炼灵自己与主之间的事，别人怎么能够介入？别人又如何能够帮助他走近主，为主的爱情所拥抱？拉辛各回答说：“人的存在不是封闭的单子；透过爱与恨，人与他所接近的人彼此相联。人的存在会作为错误或者恩宠而临在于其他人内。人从来不会只是他自己，或者确切地说，人是在别人内，同别人和借着别人而成为他自己的。无论是别人对他的诅咒，或是别人对他的宽恕，抑或是别人用爱来转化他的错误，都是他命运的一部分。”我们需要透过基督奥体来理解这段话。我们在上面看到，炼灵的痛苦来自他（她）与主的身体相结合的渴望。我们之所以说“主的身体”，而不说“主”的理由是清晰的：作为降生成人的救主，基督不单单是纳匝肋的耶稣，更是宇宙的基督，是具有集体意义的新人，是与所有得救者共同组成的同一“身体”、同一的天主子女。为此，耶稣说：“凡你们对我这些最小兄弟中的一个所做的，就是对我做的。”（玛25：40）当扫禄在去大马士革逮捕基督徒的路上被主打倒时，主没有问他“你为什么迫害我的门徒？”而是问他“你为什么迫害我？”（宗9：4）可见，耶稣与他的门徒，从某种程度上讲，是同一的。这就是何以当炼灵还没有完全与他人共融时，无法与主相共融的原由。同样，炼灵也可在他人与他（她）的共融中达到与主的共融。这就是“诸圣相通”的意思。“诸圣相通”不是一个被物化的恩宠链带，仿佛恩宠是圣人们挣下并保存在天国宝库里的金钱似的，可以为我们缴纳赎金。不，“诸圣相通”是条关系链带，每根链条都是通过与其它链条的连接而转动和前进的。可以说，正是与其它链条的连接决定了每根链条的命运。所以，无论是别人的诅咒、宽恕，抑或是别人用爱对我的转化，都是我命运的一部分。同样，尘世中的人和天上的圣人与炼灵的关系也会影响到他（她）的命运。因此，拉辛各引用当代天主教神学泰斗巴尔塔撒（Hans Urs von Balthasar）的话说：“圣人在审判者前为炼灵的代祷，不是纯粹外在的祈祷——其功效在无法探测的审判者的旨意里是个未知数。不，他们的代祷首先是内在的重力，会让天秤的秤杆倾斜[20]。”可见，我们为炼灵所做的祈祷、善功和弥撒等会对炼灵的命运起到决定性的作用。
结语
与炼灵的这种关系说明，基督徒的命运不是单个人的命运，我们对别人的影响和别人对我们的影响是我们将来的决定性因素。因此，炼狱不仅仅是个死后的问题，更是个关系到我们尘世生活的问题。事实上，拉辛各写这本书的目的，就是为通过对死亡的思考和对终极命运的理解，来帮助人们更好、更真地面对尘世生活。在他看来，对死亡和死后的负责就是对我们当前生活的负责；假如我们不知道将来会如何，假如我们没有活着的目标和该有的警惕，那么我们会很自然地游戏人生。死是必然的，而生却不必然。因此，活着就是奇迹！但正是这稍纵即逝偶然之生，决定着我们永恒的走向。怎么去把握它，那要看我们怎么决定它的走向。圣人们把这短暂的一生看作朝向天主，朝向爱的旅程，他们努力使自己配得与天主相结合，甚至会无悔地走过漫长的灵性黑夜。对他们来说，炼狱，这个“中间状态”，不在天主的创造计划之内，而只是天主仁慈的彰显：天主只为人计划了天国；炼狱乃是天主不舍得放弃罪人的努力。所以，天国才是人生的终极目标。而达到此目标的过程是奋斗的，甚至是战斗的过程。在此过程中，我们尤其不该把炼狱当作挡箭牌。因为一旦把炼狱当作挡箭牌，我们就会不努力爱天主，也会不努力爱人。可是，反过来想想看，如果天主不努力爱我们，我们会怎样？如果在我们死后，我们的近人不努力爱我们，我们又会怎样？就连人间的爱都能够促使人“愿化身石桥，受五百年风吹，五百年日晒，五百年雨淋，只求爱人从桥上经过”，那么当我们知道我们被永恒之爱爱着时，当我们知道，不是我们在等待永恒之爱，而是永恒之爱从永远就等待着我们时，我们又该如何度过此生呢？（完结） |
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2017-11-07 12:42:09 发表 |
| 爱情，最需要的是彼此的信任。以天主的良善，不会让子民难受太久。 |
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2017-11-07 12:32:44 发表 |
| 你的烦恼让我牵挂 |
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2017-11-07 06:59:41 发表 |
| 所以，方济各你就没有信德 |
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所以，方济各你就没有信德